Hitler followed with similar orders to bomb English cities.Ĭhurchill gave a number of speeches during the Battle of Britain aimed at building up the morale of the population and the armed forces. The German bombers were told not to bomb cities but after they mistakenly bombed the outskirts of London, Churchill ordered the bombing of German cities. These raids were initially focused on coastal airfields and other military targets (such as radar installations) but the raids soon bombed further inland. Hitler ordered bombing raids on the country. Once Hitler had control of France, he began to make plans for the invasion of England. Churchill recognized that the fighter squadrons would not be very effective in holding off the German invasion and he also realized that he would need these fighters to protect Britain from German attack. Over 300,000 men were evacuated but they had to leave a lot of equipment behind.įrance requested that Churchill send British fighter planes to help hold off the German invasion but he refused. The BEF was trapped on the French coastline and had to be evacuated over the course of nine days. When German forces invaded France, the British Expeditionary Force (BEF) had been sent in to help but ended up having to retreat. He also set up the Commando forces which developed into the Special Forces. As a result, Winston Churchill was named the next prime minister in 1940.Ĭhurchill established the SOE (Special Operations Executive) which ran secret missions in German-held territory. When Hitler invaded Norway and defeated the Allied forces, the prime minister, Neville Chamberlain, resigned after a poor showing in a no-confidence vote. When Hitler invaded Poland and war was declared, Churchill was given a spot on the war cabinet and was renamed the First Lord of the Admiralty.
Churchill argued against the Munich Agreement, which gave Germany part of Czechoslovakia (which Czechoslovakia did not agree with) and he argued that Germany would attempt to gain even more territory. Unfortunately, few people agreed with him. When Hitler came to power in 1933, Churchill gave a number of speeches warning the government and the population at large about the dangers that Hitler posed. He remained in government but did not hold any major position of power until after the war. The campaign, which took place in early 1915, was a disaster and over 73,000 Allied soldiers were either wounded or killed.Ĭhurchill was blamed for the disaster and was removed from his post as First Lord of the Admiralty. This would open up a supply route for Russia and take Turkey out of the war. Turkey was actually in negotiations with both Germany and England and many scholars believe that Churchill’s decision to seize the warships pushed the Turks towards Germany.Ĭhurchill was the main designer of the Gallipoli campaign which was designed to take control of the Dardanelle Straits which were currently controlled by Turkey. Churchill was worried that Turkey was negotiating with Germany about becoming an ally in the war. He ordered the development of new ships and submarines as well as the development of a naval air service.Ĭhurchill ordered the seizure of two Turkish battleships that were being built in British shipyards so they could be not be used against Britain in the war. In 1911, Churchill was made the First Lord of the Admiralty and he did his best to ensure that the navy would be ready for the outbreak of World War I. Churchill rose in the government after successfully dealing with a number of difficult situations such as the miner’s strike in Tonypandy and the Siege of Sidney Street.
He also wrote book about his time in Sudan as well as South Africa.Ĭhurchill entered politics in 1901 by winning the seat at Oldham for the Conservatives, although, he switched parties and joined the Liberals in 1904. His first book, The Story of the Malakand Field Force, covered his time in India. It was in Sandhurst that Churchill began to write and he would often write about the battles he was involved in. He actually did well in the cavalry and graduated eighth in his class. His father wanted him to join the infantry. He typically got poor grades and when he was old enough to join Sandhurst (a military academy), he went against his father’s wishes and joined the cavalry. He was educated in Ireland and was not a very good student. He even won the Nobel Prize for literature in 1953.Ĭhurchill was born on November 30, 1874. Churchill was a leader, a historian, a writer and a painter. He was the prime minister of Britain during World War II and was also involved in the government during World War I. Winston Churchill Winston Churchill was chosen as one of the most influential leaders of all time.
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